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Monday, October 23, 2006
Comparing China With India by Numbers

1. The Geo-demographics of China and India
Land Area: China 9.6 million sq km; India: 2.97 million sq km
Population: China 1.3 billion; India 1.1 billion
Labor force: China 791.4 million; India 496.4 million
Population growth rate: China 0.59% (death rate 0.697%, birth rate 1.325%);
India 1.38% (death rate 0.818%, birth rate 2.201%)

2. Economy in General
GDP in 2005: China US$2.225 trillion; India US$719.8 billion or
China US$8.859 trillion; India US$3.611 trillion by PPP
https://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/ch.html
https://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/in.html

Economy sectors:
China: Agriculture: 15% of GDP, Industry 52% of GDP, Manufacturing 35% of GDP,
service 33% In 2001
India: Agriculture: 24% of GDP, Industry 27% of GDP, Manufacturing 16% of GDP,
service 48% In 2001
These data comes from World Bank. You can conclude that China's industry size
is almost 6 times of India's after a very simple calculation. You can see how
little India's industry is. More important, China’s industry is still growing
much faster than India’s.

3. Agriculture
India has more arable land than China. Indian produced 250 million tons of
grains in 2003 (Thanks for the good weather).
China usually produces 450 million tons of grains each year no matter how tough
the weather is (record is more than 500 million tons) (Thanks for the biotech
R&D and expansion of the technologies in agricultural filed in China).

India produces 87.6 million tons rice from 42.4 million hectares on the other
hand China produces 178 million tons of rice from a mere 29 million hectares.
There is only one big difference; China embraced ‘hybrid rice’ technology in
a big way, while India has had a slow start.
http://www.indianexpress.com/story/15440.html

In 1980, China grew 4100 kg of rice per hectare; India, 2000. In 2005, China
grew 6300 kg, India 3000 kg. The difference in yields had increased from 2100
kg to 3300 kg per hectare. For wheat the comparable figures were 1900 kg versus
1400 kg in 1980; and 4200 kg versus 2700 kg in 2005. For seed cotton, 1700 kg
versus 500 kg in 1980; and 3200 kg versus 800 kg in 2005. For vegetables, 14500
kg versus 8300 kg in 1980; and 19300 kg versus 11300 kg in 2005.
http://www.indianexpress.com/story/16111._.html

4. Industry
As data in “Economy in General” section shows, China’s industry scale is 6
times of India’s. China’s industry is still growing at around 16% pace for
many years. That means one year increase in China’s industry revenue equals to
the total size of India’s industry. The gap is huge.
China’s industry revenue is about 3.5 times of the revenue from agriculture,
but for India, its industry revenue is almost equal to the agriculture.
Around 43 million tons of iron and steel was produced in India in 2005 (An
important index of infrastructure construction.) China produced around 349
million tons of iron and steel.
http://english.people.com.cn/200610/12/eng20061012_310940.html

55% of the world cement (Another infrastructure construction index) was used in
China. See http://www.economist.com/displaystory.cfm?story_id=2446908

By the data from CIA fact books, India produced around 36 million tons of oil
(A natural resource index) in 2003 and will face the resource problem soon.
China produced 160 million tons of oil in 2003 and imported more than 100
million tons in the same year.

Here talks about the Sino-India trade in 2004. It clearly tells that India is
only a raw material supplier to China and China mainly sells industrial
products to India.
http://www.indianexpress.com/res/web/pIe/full_story.php?content_id=81415

India’s average tariff fell from 56% in 1990 to 28% in 2004. By comparison,
China’s average tariff dropped from 32% to 6% over the same period. That means,
India has to use tariff to protect its weak industry. While, China’s industry
competes against others fairly even in domestic market.
In 2002 the typical monthly wage of a manufacturing worker in India was
US$23.80 while in China the figure was US$110.80, according to the IMF.
http://www.deloitte.com/dtt/cda/doc/content/US_ChinaIndiaReality_Research.pdf
Even India’s industry is under the protection of high tariff. India still has
a huge trade deficit. The deficit could reach US$50 billion in the fiscal year
of 2005-2006.
http://www.boloji.com/analysis2/0109.htm
But China always has a trade surplus. I even don’t bother to provide the links.

5. Service Industry
Calculating from the GDP numbers of both China and India and the percentage of
service industry in them, China’s service industry contributed US$742.5
billion to China’s GDP, it is almost the total of India’s GDP. India’s
service revenue was only US$345.5billion.

Chinese airlines carried 138 million passengers in 2005, and the loads will
nearly double to 270 million passengers in 5 years.
http://www.usatoday.com/travel/flights/2006-10-02-china-airports-usat_x.htm
Passenger traffic grew to 52.12 million in the last fiscal in India, from 43.47
million in 2004-05, to register a growth of 19.9 percent.
http://investinginindianews.blogspot.com/2006/07/indian-aviation-soaring-into-gr
eater.html

The annual insurance premium currently collected in India is $23 billion, which
is expected to increase ten fold to $ 239 by 2020. In the same period, China’s
insurance premium will rise to $863 billion from the present level of $60
billion.
http://www.hindustantimes.com/news/181_1821048,00020008.htm

Retail sales surged 12.9 percent in 2005 over the year before, to 6.7 trillion
Yuan ($847 billion). By 2020, industry forecasts say the market could expand to
about $2.4 trillion.
http://www.forbes.com/business/energy/feeds/ap/2006/10/17/ap3096453.html

India’s total retail market reached US $230 billion in 2005 and will grow to
US$370 billion in 2011
http://sourcewire.com/releases/rel_display.php?relid=27553&hilite=
http://www.etretailbiz.com/feb06/SPECIALfeature.htm

India’s travel and tourism market was valued at US$42 billion in 2005. 340
million people traveled in 2005. The outbound travelers from India grew to 6.2
million in 2005. This was almost twice the number of arrivals witnessed by the
country. That means only 3.1 million visited India in the same time.
http://www.euromonitor.com/Travel_and_Tourism_in_India
China received 47.11 million visitors in 2005. This number should not include
the vistors from Hongkong, Macau and Taiwan.
http://www.bernama.com.my/bernama/v3/news.php?id=199299
There were 31 million outbound tourists from China in 2005.
http://travel2.nytimes.com/2006/05/17/world/asia/17travel.html
In 2005, inbound tourists reached 120 million (including Chinese from Hong Kong,
Macau, Taiwan economies).
Overseas tourists contributed over $29.3 billion to the Chinese economy. But
their contribution was far outweighed by that of domestic Chinese tourists, who
contributed $66.7 billion.
http://www.atimes.com/atimes/China_Business/HC07Cb06.html

In 2004, China’s service exports were US$62 billion versus US$40 billion for
India. On the other hand, 60% ofChina’s service exports were travel and
transportation services while in India the figure was 22%.
In 2003, India’s exports of commercial services other than travel,
transportation, and finance amounted to US$18.9
billion. The figure for China was US$20.6 billion. In other words, China may
already be ahead of India in selling IT
services to the world.
http://www.deloitte.com/dtt/cda/doc/content/US_ChinaIndiaReality_Research.pdf

6. Financial Industry and financial stability
Indians always say that their financial industry is better than China’s
counterpart. This claim can cheat a lot when Chinese banks were completely
state-owned. But today, top four of Chinese banks were listed in Hong Kong
stock market. When it goes to the truth in market, Indian financial industry is
so pitiful comparing with China’s.
After the IPO of The Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, its market value
is about US$87 billion, This is almost one and half times of the collective
market capitalization of all listed Indian banks - for the 37 listed Indian
banks, this is about $ 62.76 billion (Rs 2,86,859 crore). Bank of China's
market capitalization is now around $105 billion and that of China Construction
Bank $ 99 billion.
India’s ICICI Bank tops the market capitalization chart with $ 13.59 billion
(Rs 62,177 crore), followed by the State Bank of India with $11.89 billion (Rs
54,380 crore) and HDFC Bank with $6.29 billion (Rs 28,774 crore). None of the
other listed Indian banks has over $5 billion worth of market capitalisation.
Punjab National Bank, the fourth bank when it comes to market capitalization,
is worth just $3.62 billion. Canara Bank is worth just $2.52 billion.
China’s ICBC has total assets of over $ 812 billion, close to the size of
India's GDP! State Bank of India, which accounts for almost one-fifth of total
banking assets in India, however, has an asset base of only $84 billion.
http://www.rediff.com/money/2006/oct/07bank.htm

How China’s banks are welcomed in the stock market? The institutional tranche,
which makes up 95% of the ICBC offering, attracted more than US$300 billion in
orders and is 23 times oversubscribed. In Hong Kong, ICBC's initial public
offering (IPO) of H-shares was 76-times oversubscribed with one million retail
investors putting in HK$420 billion. This broke the previous record, held by
Bank of China, which attracted HK$286 billion (US$36.7 billion) earlier this
year. This enables ICBC to price its shares at the upper limit.
http://www.atimes.com/atimes/China_Business/HJ21Cb03.html
After IPO, ICBC's market capitalization reached $156.5 billion, trailing the
$165.6 billion of the world's fourth-biggest bank, JPMorgan Chase & Co in the
world.
http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601087&sid=afBgyU3agIzY&refer=home

Budget deficit: 10% of GDP in India versus 2% in China. This could have big
impact on financial and economical stability.
http://www.deloitte.com/dtt/cda/doc/content/US_ChinaIndiaReality_Research.pdf

China has almost US$1 trillion forex reserves with total of US$ 297.9 billion
external debt
http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2006-10/09/content_5180188.htm
http://www.cctv.com/program/bizchina/20061023/102290.shtml
India has US$165.275 billion forex reserves with US$132.1 billion external debt.
http://www.hindu.com/2006/09/30/stories/2006093001431800.htm
http://www.financialexpress.com/latest_full_story.php?content_id=143426

India has a huge public debt, the ratio of public debt to GDP was 82% in 2005
and still growing fast, which is above the globally recognized alarm level of
60 percent.
http://www.indexmundi.com/india/public_debt.html
China’s public debt was 28.8% of GDP.
http://www.indexmundi.com/china/public_debt.html

7. Software Industry
India is famous for its software and back office service. China's software
industry is actually much bigger than that of India even China keeps silent.
Chinese companies rely on huge domestic market while India has almost no IT
market comparing with the big countries around. China has its own software
brands such as KingSoft, Rising(anti-virus), Jiangming (Anti-virus),
RedFlag(Working on Linux), WPS ( office software), ufsoft(Enterprise), KINGDEE
(Golden Butterfly in Chinese) ( Enterprise), Shanda (Games).
China’s Software industry revenue reached 390 billion RMB (around US$50
billion) in 2005.
http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200603/17/eng20060317_251505.html
India’s software industry revenue reached US$29.6 billion in the fiscal year
ended in March 2006.
http://blogs.zdnet.com/ITFacts/?p=11050

8. Infrastructure
India has total of 127 million cellular users as of the end of September 2006
and around 50 million landline phone users. See
http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2006/10/10/business/AS_FIN_India_Mobile_Phones.ph
p
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communications_in_India
China has total of 437 million mobile users and 368 million fixed-line phone
users as of the end of August 2006. Total of 800 million phones are being used
in China.
http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200609/21/eng20060921_304974.html

India had 27.7 million internet users by year-end 2005, and had only 1.3
million broadband users. China had 111 million internet users through the end
2005, among which 41.2 million were broadband users. See:
http://www.emarketer.com/Article.aspx?1004144
Don’t forget India defines access speed of 128 kbps as broadband even in 2004.
http://www.dot.gov.in/ntp/broadbandpolicy2004.htm

Railroad: In 1949, there were only 21,800 km of railway lines in China, with
only 11,000 km opened to traffic. See:
http://www.macrochina.com.cn/english/china/resources/20010412000136.shtml
As of the end of 2004, China had 74, 000KM of railroad with much better
quality. See: http://english.people.com.cn/200501/26/eng20050126_171976.html
India had total of about 55,000 km Railroad in 1951. That’s much more than
China had in 1952. See: http://irfca.org/faq/faq-history4.html .But India has
fewer railroads than China now.

China's expressway (at least 4 lanes, speed limit 110KM/hour or 120KM/hour)
reaches 42, 000KM at the end of 2005.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expressways_of_China
India has only 4,885 km are central-separated expressways.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expressways_of_India
In 2002 China spent US$128 billion on power and transport infrastructure
compared to US$18 billion for India.
A very small share of India’s roads is composed of highways. Of 3.3 million
kilometers of roadway, only 195,000 kilometers are highways. China, on the
other hand, has roughly 1.4 million kilometers of highway.
Due to insufficient port capacity, the lead time for Indian exports to the US
is roughly three to four times greater than Chinese exports.
http://www.deloitte.com/dtt/cda/doc/content/US_ChinaIndiaReality_Research.pdf

Indian industry has to pay double of what Chinese factories pay for power; for
ferrying freight by railways, Indian industry pays three times what Chinese
factories pay.
http://www.indianexpress.com/story/16111._.html

India has electricity capacity of 130,000 megawatts.
http://www.iht.com/articles/2006/10/13/business/power.php
At the end of 2006. China will have the power capacity of 590 million kilowatts
(590,000 megawatts)
http://english.people.com.cn/200601/03/eng20060103_232522.html
India's power sector, infamous for its distribution sector inefficiencies,
shares the top slot in the company of countries such as Nigeria and Nicaragua
when it comes to overall transmission and distribution (T&D) loss levels.India'
s average loss in transmission and distribution (T&D) is about 33 per cent, The
T&D lose in China is only 7%.
http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2005/12/03/stories/2005120303300900.htm

9. Education
Around 30% of Indian male cannot read newspaper and 52% of female cannot read.
that means around 40% of Indians cannot read. See
https://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/in.html
Less than 10% of Chinese cannot read (most of are old person and they missed
the education opportunity in the old time). See
https://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/ch.html

Indians are very proud of their software industry. But for the computer science
education, China's education quality is much higher than India.
This is the result of ACM-ICPC World Finals which is a famous programming
contest in the world. You can see Chinese students had much better performance
than Indian counterpart.
Here is the final list of the famous worldwide IBM ACM contest in 2006. So many
Chinese universities were in the top list. You can clearly see Chinese students
had much better performance than Indian counterpart.
http://icpc.baylor.edu/past/icpc2006/Finals/Standings.html
Here is another world-wide programmer contest. China and Chinese universities
got much better scores than India.
http://www.topcoder.com/stat?c=country_avg_rating (Ranking by country)
http://www.topcoder.com/stat?c=school_avg_rating (ranking by school)
Here is the final list of Google Code Jam 2006, in which, there are 14 Chinese
programmers entered the final competition, but you cannot find any Indians in
the list. http://www.google.com/press/annc/codejam06finals.html

Roughly 15% of China’s population aged 18 to 23 is enrolled in higher
education compared to 7% in India. 91% of Chinese adults are literate versus
61% in India. Among females, the numbers are 87% and 45% respectively. In China,
there are 18 pupils per teacher in secondary schoolsversus 34 in India.
Clearly, China has an advantage when it comes to education.
http://www.deloitte.com/dtt/cda/doc/content/US_ChinaIndiaReality_Research.pdf

China’s education also connected more with outside.
South and West Asia is the origin of 194,000 mobile students, with two-thirds
coming from India, according to a report from the UNESCO Institute for
Statistics (UIS) titled 'The Global Education Digest 2006'. (That means about
130,000 students from India)
Between 1999 and 2004, the number of mobile students worldwide surged by 41
percent from 1.75 million to 2.5 million, according to the Digest. China sends
the greatest number of students abroad - 14 percent of the global total -
primarily to the US, Japan and Britain. (That means 350,000 students from China)
http://www.indiaenews.com/business/20060604/10169.htm

140,000 international students came to China for studying in 2005. The number
will be doubled in 2020.
http://www.china.org.cn/english/2006/Aug/177200.htm
About 8,000 foreign students are studying in India.
http://www.indianexpress.com/story/12586.html


Today, on every parameter for basic education, China is far ahead of India. In
2000, only 47 per cent of all children managed to complete grade 5 of primary
schooling in India, as opposed to 98 per cent of Chinese children. The
pupil-teacher ratio for primary education in China is one teacher for every 20
students compared to one teacher for every 40 students in India. According to
World Bank estimates, youth male illiteracy in India is 20 per cent. In China
it's less than one per cent.
http://www.hinduonnet.com/2006/08/10/stories/2006081005691000.htm
Gross enrollment ratio is estimated to be more or less the same in both
countries — but the drop out rate in India is 21 per cent, in China it is 1
per cent.
http://www.indianexpress.com/story/16111._.html

10. Science and technology R&D
China spent 245 billion Yuan (30.6 billion U.S. dollars) on scientific research
and development (R&D) in 2005, a rise of 24.6 percent. The investment accounted
for 1.34 percent of China's 2005 GDP. R&D funds coming from enterprises stood
at 167.4 billion Yuan, making up 68.3 percent of the total investment.
http://english.people.com.cn/200609/14/eng20060914_302806.html
India's total domestic spending on R&D rose an estimated 9.7% to $4.9 billion,
or 0.77% of GDP, in the fiscal year ended March 2005.
http://www.plunkettresearch.com/
Based on PPP value of the investment on R&D, China invested US$124.03 billion
in 2005 and India did US$36.11 billion in the same year. The numbers will go to
US$149.80 billion and US$41.81 billion in 2007.
China’s R&D investment was 12.7% of the total of the world, comparing with
32.7% of US, 12.7% of Japan and 3.7% of India in 2005 based on PPP.
57.6% of the R&D investment in China came from industry, 33.4% from government,
2.7 from abroad, 6.3% from others.
23% of the R&D investment in India came from industry, 74.7% from government,
23% from others.
http://www.battelle.org/news/06/2006report.pdf

Even China’s R&D is not high comparing with the developed countries, but it
was 6 times of what India did. The huge investment gap can tell many things.
The results are so obvious:
The number of papers that are being published by China and India in
high-caliber journals - ones that are accessed by Science Citation Index and
Social Science Citation Index, papers originating from China had was almost
thrice those from India in 2005.
http://www.indianexpress.com/story/12493.html
In 2005, Indians published only 4 articles in the prestigious Journal of
American Chemical Society (JACS) versus just 22 for China, 8 versus 28 in the
Physical Review of Letters (PRL) and 2 versus 13 in the Journal of Biological
Chemistry (JBC).
While China's score on the Knowledge Index has risen from 3.03 in 1995 to 4.21
today, India's has fallen from 2.76 to 2.61 -- that is, India has slipped even
relative to itself!
In terms of innovation, which includes the articles published in scientific
journals, apart from the number of R&D personnel and the number of patents,
India's score has improved from 3.51 to 3.72 -- China, however, has improved
from 3.94 to 4.74, another instance of that country's stupendous progress.
http://inhome.rediff.com/money/2006/jul/17china.htm
On public expenditure on higher education, India lags way behind at $406 per
student, just a fraction of countries like China (US $2,728), Brazil (US $3,986)
and Malaysia (US $11,790)
http://www.indianexpress.com/story/12640.html

Many Indian and west media say India has advantage in innovation over China.
Let’s compare the patents from the two countries. The number of Patent
applications of a country pretty much stands for the creative and innovation of
this country’s economy. In 2004, over 130,000 patent applications were
received in China and China became the No. 4 in the world. India only had 17,
466 applications in the same year. China filed 51 applications per million
people, while India had only seven filings per million people. India was second
to last
http://inhome.rediff.com/money/2006/oct/18forbes.htm
China made 2,452 international patent applications in 2005, a growth of 43.7
percent compared with the previous year.
http://china.org.cn/english/2006/Feb/156849.htm
India filed 648 PCT applications in 2005, compared to 723 in 2004 and 764 in
2003. The trend is so obvious.
http://www.hindu.com/2006/02/05/stories/2006020502761300.htm

Indians are always boasting about their high technologies even supercomputer
technologies. Let's compare the super computer because Indians are always
claiming India is the second IT country in the world.
China's homemade supercomputer listed as No. 14. But the fastest one used in
India is No. 105. It was made by IBM. India's homemade one is listed as No.
258. Legend (now Lenovo) built another more powerful one this year. It could be
listed as No. 3 or No. 4. More powerful and more supercomputers were used in
China than in India. See http://www.top500.org/list/2003/11/
China’s Lenovo is working on 1,000 TFLOPS supercomputer already, and it could
be ready before 2010.
http://www.infoworld.com/article/05/07/28/HNlenovosupercomputer_1.html?CLUSTERIN
G
The super computer will have domestic CPUs:
http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2006-03/03/content_4254337.htm

Thanks for the large market scale and the recent progress in the technology,
China is able and trying to set the international or national technology
standards, such as TD-SCDMA, EVD, WAPI, AVS, RFID.
TD-SCDMA was accepted worldwide. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TD-SCDMA
FiberHome is the presenter of ITU-T X.85、X.86和X.87 international
telecommunication standard: http://www.fhn.com.cn/fhneng/gyfh.asp?class=About_us
ZTE To Edit Key ITU Standard For Optical Network Technology.
http://www.totaltele.com/View.aspx?ID=1226&t=1
China also has its own HDTV, IPTV standards. We know the standard can make more
and easier money than the simple production and present the development level
of technology in one country. I never hear any international industrial
standard come from India.
AVS: http://www.forbes.com/markets/feeds/afx/2005/12/07/afx2376962.html
WAPI: http://english.people.com.cn/200610/13/eng20061013_311470.html

In the telecommunication technology, China is already one of the forerunners in
the world.
Huawei along had registered over 8000 patents already.
http://www.china.org.cn/english/BAT/142904.htm
Huawei’s global contract sales jumped up 40 pct to US$8.2 billion.
http://www.forbes.com/business/feeds/afx/2006/01/15/afx2451344.html
Huawei became the largest supplier in the Optical networking market in the
world in 2006.
http://telephonyonline.com/finance/news/huawei_alcatel_optical_090606/

China's IC industry is making great leap in recent years. China uses about 13%
of the ICs in the world and will be one of the top IC producers in 2010.
http://en.chinabroadcast.cn/2238/2006-1-28/138@296061.htm

China is to complete its first very-high-temperature gas-cooled reactor (VHTR)
by the year 2010. This will be the first such reactor in the world.
http://en.chinabroadcast.cn/2238/2006-2-2/135@296739.htm
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/11080908/site/newsweek/
China’s fusion research and achievements,
http://www.hindu.com/2006/09/29/stories/2006092901421800.htm

China today is actually one of the leaders in nano-technology research. 18.3
percent academic publications on nanoscale science and engineering topics were
from China in 2004.
http://www.smalltimes.com/Articles/Article_Display.cfm?ARTICLE_ID=270358&p=109
China's nanotechnology patent applications rank third in world even before 2003.
http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/en/doc/2003-10/03/content_269182.htm

In agriculture, China is the place where hybrid-rice came from. Yuan Longping
is called the “father of hybrid rice” in the world.
http://www.china.org.cn/english/2001/Mar/8452.htm
China developed high-yield "super maize":
http://www.checkbiotech.org/root/index.cfm?fuseaction=search&search=China&doc_id
=9797&start=16&fullsearch=0China aims for 30 pc increase in "super wheat"
output by 2020.
http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/holnus/015200610061211.htm
China has taken the lead among developing countries in the research of
genetically modified (GM) plants.
http://english.people.com.cn/200512/05/eng20051205_225772.html

11: International Trade
China’s international trade topped US$1.4 trillion (import: US$660 billion,
export: US$762 billion) in 2005, and China became the 3rd largest trader in the
world. See: http://www.iht.com/articles/2006/01/11/business/yuan.php
India’s international trade reached US$240.8B (export: US$100.6B, import:
US$140.2 billion, import > export) in 2005 (ended in March 2006) with huge
trade deficit (40% of its export).
http://www.sunmediaonline.com/indiachronicleapril/bilateraltrade.html
From the data above, China does not only can sell a lot more to the outside and
also provide a much larger domestic market to the outside. China’s market is
not only huge on paper or by mouth. It is real.

12: Living standard
Infant mortality rate: China 2.312%, India 5.463%
Life expectancy at birth: China 72.58 years, India 64.71 years
(From CIA facts books)
People living with HIV/AIDS: China 0.64 million, India 5.7 million (The world
No. 1 in 2005)
http://www.unaids.org/en/HIV_data/2006GlobalReport/default.asp

46% of general population in Bombay carries an active sexually transmitted
disease (the greatest risk factor for HIV spread). Do you believe it? See:
http://www.globalchange.com/indi.htm

Indian PC sales hit 4.6 million in 2005 (ended in March 2006) in the so-called
the second IT superpower. See: http://www.boston.com/
About 20 million of PCs were sold in China in 2005 (ended in December 2005).
China is actually the No. 2 PC market in the world, only after US. See:
http://www.vnunet.com/vnunet/news/2150574/china-pc-sales-hit-billion-2005

Only 32% of Indian families have TV. See:
China's number is 94% which is was almost as high as in the developed
countries. India will be 2/3 of this number at the end of decade.

India’s health system is worse than neighboring Pakistan and Bangladesh.
http://www.business-standard.com/common/storypage.php?autono=262521&leftnm=3&sub
Left=0&chkFlg=
The proportion of children underweight in India is 47.5% higher than the
proportion of children underweight in Sub-Saharan Africa as a whole.
http://www.financialexpress.com/fe_full_story.php?content_id=143751
According to UNICEF, India in fact has 57 million children suffering from
malnutrition compared to only seven million in China.
In China, underweight prevalence in children under five was reduced by more
than half from 19 per cent in 1990 to just under seven per cent in 2005. The
under-five mortality rate also sharply dropped from 49 per 1000 live births in
1990 to 31 in 2004.
http://www.hinduonnet.com/2006/08/10/stories/2006081005691000.htm
India ranks 93 among 116 developing countries in the global hunger index. India
’s score on the index for 2003, the latest year for which data is available,
was 25.73, worse than Sudan at 27.20 but better than Burkina Faso (25.80). The
index, comprising three indices - child malnutrition, child mortality and
estimates of the proportion of people who are calorie deficient - ranks
countries on a 100-point scale, with 0 being the best and 100 being the worst.
nearly 50 percent of the world’s hungry live in India. Around 35 percent of
India’s population - 350 million - is considered food-insecure, consuming less
than 80 percent of minimum energy requirements.
http://www.dnaindia.com/report.asp?NewsID=1058371

The long list of Chinese medal winners at Sydney 2000 Olympic Games: See:
http://www.sportorganizer.com/2000sydney/2000sydney16.htm
Let's congratulate to the only one Indian winner in 2000: See:
http://www.sportorganizer.com/2000sydney/2000sydney34.htm
2004 Olympics in Athens, Please look for China from the top of the list and
India from the bottom:
http://www.athens2004.com/en/OlympicMedals/medals

13. Political system
Even Indians claim India is a democratic country. But its corruption is worse
than China. see
http://www.international.ucla.edu/article.asp?parentid=5299 (The research
result for 2003, Corruption Perception Index)
http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0781359.html (The research result for 2006,
Corruption Perception Index)
Another research report said India's corruption is much worse than China too:
http://straitstimes.asia1.com.sg/topstories/story/0,4386,238369,00.html
Do you believe Democracy works in India?

Human Rights in India? See here: 3000 farmers committed suicide in a 11million
farming area in one year. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/3855517.stm
Suicide rate for women is as high as 148 per 100,000, and 58 per 100,000 for
men in Tamil Nadu. http://www.rediff.com/news/2004/apr/15spec.htm
At least 5% of Mumbai's people live on the roads, and 2% are simply nomads.
Another 2.5 million people live in dilapidated buildings which have been
officially tagged as 'dangerous'. See the report:
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/4222525.stm
Over 12 per cent of disabled women in Orissa have been raped and 25 per cent of
those mentally challenged have been sexually assaulted in the state. Isn't that
horrible? See: http://www.expressindia.com/fullstory.php?newsid=42099

Twelve protestors killed in police shooting in January, 2006
http://www.wsws.org/articles/2006/jan2006/oris-j17.shtml
Four killed in protests in India's Gujarat state in May, 2006
http://news.monstersandcritics.com/southasia/article_1159863.php
Four were killed in the Violence over Indian star's death in April, 2006
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/4905880.stm

The ill-treated Indians have to take their weapons to stand up against Indian
government
http://www.guardian.co.uk/india/story/0,,1770612,00.html
http://ottsun.canoe.ca/News/National/2006/06/02/1611463.html
Maoist rebels spread across rural India.
http://www.csmonitor.com/2006/0822/p06s01-wosc.html

The religious conflicts, fighting happens in India over and over again. You can
see how divided India is as a country.
http://edition.cnn.com/2002/WORLD/asiapcf/south/12/06/ayodhya.background/

Don’t forget the caste system in India and 160 million Untouchables are living
in India.
http://news.independent.co.uk/world/asia/article1868080.ece

It is well known that there is no space for the discrimination against other
domestic ethnic groups In China. Women are enjoying the equal rights. Chinese
minorities often have more rights or privileges than Han people.

To artificially make Kolkata "shining", gov "bought from farmers for 10,000 to
Rs 12,000 per acre and sold to builders for Rs 300,000 to Rs 400,000 per acre
". This can happen in a large city in India.
http://specials.rediff.com/election/2006/apr/27sld2.htm
To make Mumbai as shining as Shanghai, so many slum residents losted their
place to live in one day. Around 60% of Mumbai residents are living in slums.
http://www.timesonline.co.uk/printFriendly/0,,1-3-1487253,00.html
60% poor people cannot beat 40% rich people in making policies in a democracy
country. If you read the comments after the news, few think about the poor. See
the comments: http://www.expressindia.com/fullstory.php?newsid=40309
Also please see the pitiful poor India after their slums were destroyed by
Indian government: http://news.bbc.co.uk/

These two articles were written by the same foreign visitor (sounds like a biz
man) after he visited both India and China in the same year (2000).
His view about India: http://berclo.net/page00/00en-impressions-india.html
His impression about China: http://berclo.net/page00/00en-impressions-china.html
He also described so-called Indian democracy in this article:
http://berclo.net/page00/00en-india-1.html
"India is said to be the world's largest democracy. There is no dispute about
its size, one billion is large, but I don't think that a country whose major
priorities in the last 50 years have favored a small minority at the expense of
the majority can be called "a democracy". "

Socialism or capitalism both are economical models and both can push economy
ahead.
Socialism is not associated with slow development in history. USSR was
converted into a modern economy in a short time in its socialism era. Germany
was also developing very fast before ww2 even the government controlled economy
tightly.
China's economy growth was also around 7% every year before the reform even
China’s more attention was put on national security. 7% growth can not be
thought as slow development even today, let alone China was under embargo.
India's problem was not because of social system. It was largely because the
government did not have strategy and had no ability to implement its policy if
it has some. That's why India sometimes has good policies, such as education,
health care...., but the results are poor.
Today, China's system has both flexibility in policy and ability to implement
changes. This can allow us to keep the good policies and makes changes on bad
decisions quickly. Good example is China’s education system. Our old education
system worked very well at low cost. China's illiterate rate dropped to less
than 15% even before the reform when China was much poorer. But we trusted
market economy too much and we commercialized many parts of the system. After
years, it is now proven a disaster and government got a lot of complains.
Government input into the system decreased percentage-wise (not by absolute
value). a lot of burden was shifted to families. As a country, the total
investment into the education system increased a lot, but families’ burden
increased a lot faster, especially for the poorer family.
Now we are making changes again. The totally free compulsory education will be
provided before 2007 nationwide. China decided to make changes in 2005, but now
many provinces implemented the new policy already. We are very confident that
the new policy will be pushed to all the country in time.
China even CCP does not take care of any ideology any more. As long as we think
some new policy is good for China, we can try it and then expanded all over the
country quickly if the test proves it works.

In Asia, at least in East Asia, countries or economies can only get rich under
the dictatorship not democracy. S Korea, Singapore, Taiwan area and Hong Kong,
even Japan. There was no exception.
Japan was de facto one party government arranged by US until recent years the
rival party could win. S Korea was completely a dictatorship with the support
from US before 1990s. Taiwan did not have real election until 2000 (but it is
real unfortunate for Chinese on the island. The election is proven to be
disaster. Look at what is happening in Taiwan). Singapore is a dictatorship
controlled by Lee family even today. There was no any election in Hong Kong
until it was returned to China in 1997.
On the contrary, Philippines were some sort of rich. It was even considered as
luck if a Taiwan people could find a job there in 1960s. Philippines has the
democratic government that is almost a copy if US's. But now it is almost the
poorest country in SE Asia. Taiwan’s fast development happened under the
dictatorship. Its economy has been stagnant for almost 10 years since election
happened on the island.
From both history and today’s truth, democracy does not translate into
economical development as many people take for granted. You should understand
why Goldman asked India government to following China’s political model.
http://www.financialexpress.com/fe_full_story.php?content_id=142344

14. Economical History
Data show that China developed much faster than India even before China's
reform. India was much better than China before the Chinese Communist Party
took power. In 1950, India’s GDP per capita was almost 1.5 times of China’s.
But China's GDP caught up India in 70s last century. Now China’s GDP per
capita is almost 2.5 times of India’s
GDP Per capita ( I believe it is based on PPP)
Country...1820....1870....1913....1950....1973...1998…2003
China.......600......530......552......439......839....3,117…4392
India........533......533......673......619......853....1,746…2160
http://www.ggdc.net/Maddison/Historical_Statistics/horizontal-file_2006.xls

This is only the economical data. China was doing much better than India in
social development before the reform, such as education, health service,
scientific R&D, …. These laid down a very solid foundation for China’s
economical reform that happened in late 1970s. Many people say India lags
behind China because of its late economical reform. It is not true in fact. The
truth is: China did better than India before the reform and is continuing to do
better than India after the reform.

15. Some more links
India asks how its economy can catch up with China's
http://www.forbes.com/home_europe/newswire/2003/11/19/rtr1154472.html
India Versus China-- Was written by some Indians
http://www.samachar.com/tech/archives/techtalk51.html
Can India Catch-Up With China? -- Was written by some Indians
http://www.indiadefence.com/ind-china.htm
The Population Bomb that can devastate India, actually it is a comparison
between India and China
http://www.india-watch.com/4.htm
Can India catch up with China?
http://www.flonnet.com/fl1715/17150480.htm
Can India Overtake China? -- The famous article saying India will overtake China
http://www.alternatives.ca/article1053.html

16. Conclusion
The above links come from various resources. I collect these data to show the
facts to people because I have heard too much from Indian high rank officials
and Indian and western media that say: India is better than China, India has
more potential than China, India is more innovative than China, India is better
in quality and China is better in quantity… All of these claims are basing on
no facts, at least today.

India’s economy is doing well in recent 3 or 4 years and the trend could
continue for some time. I wish Indian people can enjoy their good life and make
progress.

China has been high economical growth since 1949 even China had some setback
during the Great Leap during 1959-1961 and the early stage of the Cultural
Revolution during 1966-1970. The Cultural Revolution lasted for 10 years from
1966-1976, but China’s economy recovered and was in growth path after 1970.

In the past about 60 years, India’s economy was caught up by China and was put
behind by China. Today, China’s economy is still growing at more than 10% pace,
India, around 8%. These are simple facts.

Undoubtedly, China is a developing country with population of 1.3 billion. It
has a lot of issues in the past, in today and in the future. I don’t deny that.

posted by NewsChecker | 8:53 AM

2 Comments:
Anonymous said...
Ah. I just saw the truth. This can explain why what I saw in India is too
different from China.

2:26 AM
Anonymous said...
Thank you for your hardwork in collecting the information. It is very helpful.
Facts/numbers always speak louder.

10:26 AM
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Communist China or Democracy India, read this
Comparing China With India by Numbers. 1. The Geo-demographics of China and
India Land Area: China 9.6 million sq km; India: 2.97 million sq km Population:
China 1.3 billion; India 1.1 billion Labor force: China 791.4 million; ...
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